Advanced Memory Management in Operating Systems – 30 MCQs
Questions: 30
Questions
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1. What is the primary purpose of virtual memory?
- a) To increase physical memory
- b) To allow a program to execute even if it is not entirely in memory
- c) To speed up disk I/O operations
- d) To create a backup of memory
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2. What is paging in memory management?
- a) Dividing physical memory into fixed-sized blocks
- b) Splitting a process into variable-sized blocks
- c) Allocating memory on-demand
- d) Storing data in cache memory
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3. What is a page fault?
- a) An error in the CPU's cache memory
- b) An error in program execution
- c) A condition when a requested page is not in memory
- d) A disk I/O failure
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4. What is the role of a memory management unit (MMU)?
- a) To manage CPU scheduling
- b) To handle I/O devices
- c) To translate virtual addresses to physical addresses
- d) To allocate memory to processes
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5. What is internal fragmentation?
- a) Wasted memory within a partition
- b) Wasted memory outside allocated partitions
- c) Memory wasted due to paging
- d) Memory fragmentation due to segmentation
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6. What is the purpose of a page table?
- a) To store disk I/O information
- b) To translate logical addresses into physical addresses
- c) To store process scheduling information
- d) To manage virtual memory faults
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7. Which of the following is a dynamic memory allocation algorithm?
- a) First Fit
- b) Quick Sort
- c) Depth First Search
- d) Bubble Sort
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8. What does segmentation in memory management involve?
- a) Dividing a program into fixed-size blocks
- b) Dividing a program into variable-sized segments
- c) Allocating equal-sized memory blocks
- d) Storing all data in a single memory partition
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9. What is external fragmentation?
- a) Memory wasted due to incomplete usage of allocated partitions
- b) Memory wasted within allocated partitions
- c) Memory wasted due to process termination
- d) Memory wasted in cache memory
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10. What is the term for the swapping of processes between main memory and secondary storage?
- a) Paging
- b) Segmentation
- c) Swapping
- d) Fragmentation
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11. Which memory allocation technique causes the least fragmentation?
- a) First Fit
- b) Worst Fit
- c) Best Fit
- d) Paging
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12. What is the optimal page replacement algorithm?
- a) FIFO
- b) LRU
- c) Optimal (Belady's Algorithm)
- d) Second-Chance
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13. What is thrashing in virtual memory?
- a) A process continuously swapping pages in and out of memory
- b) Allocating more memory than required
- c) A sudden increase in CPU usage
- d) A type of fragmentation
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14. Which technique divides memory into partitions of different sizes?
- a) Paging
- b) Segmentation
- c) Compaction
- d) Contiguous Allocation
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15. What does LRU stand for in page replacement?
- a) Last Recently Updated
- b) Least Recently Used
- c) Last Ready Update
- d) Least Required Unit
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16. Which of the following can resolve external fragmentation?
- a) Paging
- b) Segmentation
- c) Compaction
- d) Thrashing
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17. What is demand paging?
- a) Loading pages into memory only when needed
- b) Preloading all pages into memory
- c) Allocating memory in fixed partitions
- d) Dividing memory into variable-sized segments
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18. What is the term for memory allocated dynamically during runtime?
- a) Static Memory
- b) Dynamic Memory
- c) Virtual Memory
- d) Physical Memory
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19. Which of the following is a non-preemptive page replacement policy?
- a) Optimal
- b) FIFO
- c) LRU
- d) Clock
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20. What does Belady's Anomaly refer to?
- a) Decreased page faults with increased pages
- b) Increased page faults with increased pages
- c) No page faults occur
- d) Reduced memory usage
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21. What is the main disadvantage of the First Fit memory allocation algorithm?
- a) High time complexity
- b) Internal fragmentation
- c) External fragmentation
- d) Reduced memory usage
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22. Which register stores the base address of the page table?
- a) Program Counter
- b) Stack Pointer
- c) Page Table Base Register
- d) Memory Management Register
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23. What is the primary purpose of a translation lookaside buffer (TLB)?
- a) To store process control blocks
- b) To improve virtual-to-physical address translation speed
- c) To reduce memory fragmentation
- d) To prevent page faults
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24. Which type of memory allocation uses a bit map or free list?
- a) Contiguous Allocation
- b) Indexed Allocation
- c) Linked Allocation
- d) Non-Contiguous Allocation
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25. In which situation is the Best Fit allocation method most effective?
- a) When memory blocks are of equal size
- b) When there is a high chance of large blocks being required
- c) When minimizing internal fragmentation is the priority
- d) When external fragmentation needs to be reduced
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26. Which memory protection mechanism uses a base and limit register?
- a) Segmentation
- b) Paging
- c) Contiguous Allocation
- d) Dynamic Partitioning
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27. What does compaction in memory management involve?
- a) Relocating processes to eliminate fragmentation
- b) Reducing the size of memory blocks
- c) Allocating memory in variable partitions
- d) Preloading pages into memory
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28. What is the primary goal of memory compaction in operating systems?
- a) To reduce the number of processes in memory
- b) To merge free memory blocks to create a larger continuous space
- c) To allocate more memory to the CPU
- d) To decrease page faults
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29. Which memory management technique is used to allow a process to be executed even when it is partially loaded into memory?
- a) Paging
- b) Segmentation
- c) Virtual Memory
- d) Contiguous Allocation
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30. What is the primary purpose of virtual memory?
- a) To increase physical memory
- b) To allow a program to execute even if it is not entirely in memory
- c) To speed up disk I/O operations
- d) To create a backup of memory
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