Behavioral Psychology Basics: Introduction and Key Concepts MCQs
Questions: 30
Questions
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1. Who is considered the father of behavioral psychology?
- a) Sigmund Freud
- b) Ivan Pavlov
- c) Carl Rogers
- d) John B. Watson
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2. What is the primary focus of behavioral psychology?
- a) Understanding unconscious thoughts and desires
- b) Observing and analyzing overt behavior
- c) Exploring the impact of childhood experiences
- d) Studying the structure of the human mind
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3. Which of the following techniques is commonly used in behavioral therapy?
- a) Systematic desensitization
- b) Dream analysis
- c) Free association
- d) Humanistic counseling
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4. What does "operant conditioning" primarily involve?
- a) Learning through rewards and punishments
- b) Learning through observing others
- c) Learning through classical conditioning
- d) Learning through innate behaviors
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5. Which psychologist is most associated with operant conditioning?
- a) Albert Bandura
- b) B.F. Skinner
- c) Jean Piaget
- d) Wilhelm Wundt
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6. What is the term for a stimulus that naturally triggers a response?
- a) Neutral stimulus
- b) Conditioned stimulus
- c) Unconditioned stimulus
- d) Reinforcing stimulus
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7. Which of the following is an example of positive reinforcement?
- a) Removing a negative stimulus after a desired behavior
- b) Giving a reward to increase a desired behavior
- c) Ignoring undesirable behavior
- d) Punishing undesirable behavior
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8. What is "extinction" in behavioral psychology?
- a) The complete removal of a stimulus
- b) The natural elimination of unconditioned responses
- c) The strengthening of a behavior through reinforcement
- d) The weakening of a conditioned response when reinforcement is no longer provided
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9. Which concept explains learning by observing and imitating others?
- a) Classical conditioning
- b) Observational learning
- c) Operant conditioning
- d) Cognitive restructuring
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10. Albert Bandura's "Bobo doll" experiment is related to which concept?
- a) Classical conditioning
- b) Operant conditioning
- c) Observational learning
- d) Systematic desensitization
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11. What does a "neutral stimulus" become in classical conditioning?
- a) A conditioned response
- b) A conditioned stimulus
- c) An unconditioned stimulus
- d) A reflexive response
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12. What is an example of negative reinforcement?
- a) Giving a reward for completing a task
- b) Taking away an unpleasant stimulus after desired behavior
- c) Ignoring undesired behavior
- d) Adding a punishment to decrease undesired behavior
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13. What is "shaping" in operant conditioning?
- a) Gradually training behavior by reinforcing successive approximations
- b) Using punishment to eliminate unwanted behavior
- c) Observing others to learn a new skill
- d) Pairing stimuli to create associations
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14. Which reinforcement schedule provides rewards after a set number of responses?
- a) Fixed-ratio schedule
- b) Variable-ratio schedule
- c) Fixed-interval schedule
- d) Variable-interval schedule
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15. What type of learning occurs without conscious awareness?
- a) Cognitive learning
- b) Explicit learning
- c) Implicit learning
- d) Observational learning
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16. Which psychologist is known for the "Law of Effect"?
- a) John B. Watson
- b) Edward Thorndike
- c) B.F. Skinner
- d) Albert Bandura
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17. What is "stimulus generalization"?
- a) Applying the same response to similar stimuli
- b) Learning a specific response to one stimulus
- c) Ignoring irrelevant stimuli in the environment
- d) Reversing a conditioned response
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18. What is the main principle of the "behaviorist" approach?
- a) Behavior is influenced by unconscious motives
- b) Behavior is a result of observable stimuli and responses
- c) Behavior is a reflection of genetic predispositions
- d) Behavior is shaped by self-actualization efforts
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19. What does "systematic desensitization" aim to treat?
- a) Depression
- b) Cognitive distortions
- c) Eating disorders
- d) Phobias and anxiety disorders
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20. What is the role of a "punishment" in operant conditioning?
- a) To increase the likelihood of a behavior
- b) To decrease the likelihood of a behavior
- c) To have no effect on behavior
- d) To create a new learned behavior
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21. What does "latent learning" demonstrate?
- a) Learning occurs but is not immediately demonstrated
- b) Learning requires immediate reinforcement
- c) Learning is only observable through behavior
- d) Learning cannot occur without active engagement
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22. What is "token economy" in behavioral psychology?
- a) A system of reinforcement involving tokens as rewards
- b) A financial model for psychology clinics
- c) A cognitive method to manage stress
- d) An observational learning experiment
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23. Which reinforcement schedule is most resistant to extinction?
- a) Fixed-ratio
- b) Fixed-interval
- c) Variable-ratio
- d) Variable-interval
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24. Which of the following is an example of classical conditioning?
- a) A dog salivating at the sound of a bell paired with food
- b) A student studying hard to earn a reward
- c) A worker receiving praise for good performance
- d) A child imitating a parent’s behavior
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25. Which concept explains the decrease in response after repeated exposure to a stimulus?
- a) Sensitization
- b) Habituation
- c) Extinction
- d) Generalization
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26. Who conducted the famous "Little Albert" experiment?
- a) B.F. Skinner
- b) John B. Watson
- c) Albert Bandura
- d) Ivan Pavlov
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27. What does "behavior modification" aim to do?
- a) Change undesirable behaviors using reinforcement and punishment
- b) Understand unconscious motives for behaviors
- c) Improve emotional intelligence
- d) Enhance innate behavior patterns
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28. Which term describes a behavior increasing in frequency due to the removal of a negative stimulus?
- a) Positive reinforcement
- b) Negative reinforcement
- c) Punishment
- d) Extinction
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29. What is the role of "reinforcement" in behavior?
- a) To increase the likelihood of a behavior
- b) To decrease the likelihood of a behavior
- c) To have no effect on behavior
- d) To create confusion in learning
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30. What is a "fixed-interval schedule"?
- a) Rewarding behavior after a set amount of time has passed
- b) Rewarding behavior after a random amount of time has passed
- c) Rewarding behavior after a set number of responses
- d) Rewarding behavior after a variable number of responses
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