The Cognitive Approach to Psychology: MCQ Quiz on Models and Methods
Questions: 30
Questions
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1. Who is considered one of the founding figures of cognitive psychology?
- a) Sigmund Freud
- b) B.F. Skinner
- c) Jean Piaget
- d) Ulric Neisser
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2. Which cognitive process involves the ability to store, retrieve, and process information?
- a) Attention
- b) Memory
- c) Perception
- d) Motivation
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3. According to the cognitive approach, how is human behavior best understood?
- a) By studying physical traits
- b) By observing behavior in various environments
- c) By analyzing thoughts and mental processes
- d) By focusing on unconscious motives
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4. What does the information processing model of cognition suggest?
- a) Humans process information in the same way computers do
- b) Cognition is solely based on intuition and instinct
- c) Information is only processed at a conscious level
- d) Cognitive processing involves automatic and conscious elements
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5. The multi-store model of memory was proposed by:
- a) Noam Chomsky
- b) Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin
- c) John Watson
- d) Carl Rogers
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6. In the multi-store model of memory, what is the primary function of sensory memory?
- a) To process and organize information for long-term storage
- b) To hold information temporarily before it is either discarded or transferred to short-term memory
- c) To retrieve and use stored information
- d) To store memories for an unlimited time
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7. What is the primary difference between short-term memory and long-term memory?
- a) Short-term memory stores information for hours, while long-term memory is permanent
- b) Short-term memory has limited capacity and duration, while long-term memory has unlimited capacity
- c) Short-term memory processes information unconsciously, while long-term memory is processed consciously
- d) Long-term memory is used for short-term tasks, while short-term memory is for long-term storage
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8. In cognitive psychology, the term "schema" refers to:
- a) A set of instincts that drive behavior
- b) A framework that organizes and interprets information
- c) A biological structure in the brain that stores memories
- d) A mental state of motivation
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9. What is the primary role of working memory in cognitive psychology?
- a) To hold information for long-term retention
- b) To store sensory information indefinitely
- c) To actively process and manipulate information for cognitive tasks
- d) To store information that can be retrieved later
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10. The concept of "cognitive load" refers to:
- a) The mental effort used in processing information
- b) The ability to memorize information
- c) The ability to multitask efficiently
- d) The storage capacity of working memory
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11. Which of the following methods is commonly used in cognitive psychology to study memory?
- a) Naturalistic observation
- b) Laboratory experiments
- c) Case studies
- d) Surveys
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12. What does the cognitive approach say about the role of mental representation in cognition?
- a) Mental representation is irrelevant in understanding behavior
- b) Mental representation plays a crucial role in processing and organizing information
- c) Mental representation is only important for unconscious behaviors
- d) Mental representation is a product of innate biological instincts
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13. Which of the following is true about cognitive models?
- a) They emphasize the importance of environmental factors in behavior
- b) They represent how the mind processes information to produce behavior
- c) They focus exclusively on unconscious mental processes
- d) They describe the physical and observable aspects of behavior
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14. The "dual-task" methodology in cognitive psychology is used to:
- a) Test the efficiency of multitasking
- b) Understand how individuals process information under stress
- c) Study memory retrieval from long-term storage
- d) Measure the speed of decision-making
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15. What is the role of perception in the cognitive approach?
- a) Perception is only concerned with sensory processing
- b) Perception is an active process where the mind organizes and interprets sensory data
- c) Perception is irrelevant to the study of cognitive psychology
- d) Perception directly leads to automatic behaviors
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16. Which cognitive model is primarily focused on memory storage and retrieval processes?
- a) The behaviorist model
- b) The schema theory
- c) The multi-store model of memory
- d) The Freudian model
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17. What does the term "cognitive rehearsal" refer to?
- a) The process of repeating learned information to strengthen memory
- b) The mental process of organizing new information into schemas
- c) The ability to recall information from long-term memory
- d) The use of imagery to enhance memory retrieval
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18. The "cognitive revolution" in psychology was a shift from:
- a) Behaviorism to an emphasis on mental processes
- b) Psychoanalysis to a focus on behavior
- c) Structuralism to functionalism
- d) Cognitive psychology to social psychology
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19. What is the "serial position effect" in memory research?
- a) The tendency to remember information from the middle of a list
- b) The tendency to remember the first and last items in a list better than those in the middle
- c) The tendency to forget the last items in a list
- d) The tendency to remember information more clearly over time
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20. The "cognitive map" is a concept introduced by:
- a) Sigmund Freud
- b) Albert Bandura
- c) Edward Tolman
- d) John Watson
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21. What is the focus of "cognitive neuroscience" within the cognitive approach?
- a) The biological processes behind mental functions like memory and attention
- b) The effects of behavior on cognitive functions
- c) The study of unconscious thoughts and motivations
- d) The development of language in children
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22. What does "cognitive dissonance" refer to?
- a) The discomfort that arises from conflicting beliefs or behaviors
- b) The ability to multitask effectively
- c) The process of forming new memories
- d) The act of learning through imitation
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23. The "cognitive approach" emphasizes the importance of:
- a) External behaviors and responses
- b) Mental processes and their role in understanding behavior
- c) The influence of early childhood experiences
- d) The biological basis of behavior
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24. The concept of "automaticity" in cognitive psychology refers to:
- a) The ability to process information consciously and deliberately
- b) The ability to complete tasks without conscious thought due to practice
- c) The process of forming new memories
- d) The focus on external behavior only
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25. Which cognitive model emphasizes how individuals interpret and organize information in schemas?
- a) Information processing model
- b) Dual-process model
- c) Schema theory
- d) Social learning theory
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26. According to the cognitive approach= which factor is most important in shaping behavior?
- a) Reflex actions
- b) Mental processes like memory= attention= and perception
- c) External environmental stimuli
- d) Unconscious motives and drives
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27. Which of the following best explains the concept of "working memory"?
- a) Memory that stores information for an extended period
- b) A temporary memory system that holds and manipulates information for cognitive tasks
- c) The process of long-term memory retrieval
- d) Memory involved in recalling past life experiences
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28. The "thinking aloud" method in cognitive psychology is used to:
- a) Understand unconscious thought processes
- b) Study the step-by-step cognitive process during problem-solving
- c) Analyze non-verbal communication
- d) Measure attention span during tasks
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29. The "cognitive map" theory introduced by Edward Tolman is most related to:
- a) Spatial navigation and mental representation of the environment
- b) The process of encoding and retrieving memories
- c) Emotional responses to stimuli
- d) The behavior of animals in laboratory settings
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30. The "Atkinson-Shiffrin model" of memory is commonly known as the:
- a) Working memory model
- b) Multi-store model of memory
- c) Levels of processing model
- d) Dual-process memory model
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