Memory Models and Theories: MCQ Quiz on Long-Term and Short-Term Memory

Questions: 30

Questions
  • 1. What is memory?

    • a) The ability to forget information
    • b) The process of encoding, storing and retrieving information
    • c) The storage of data on a computer
    • d) The ability to speak fluently
  • 2. Which of the following is the main function of short-term memory?

    • a) To retain information for long periods
    • b) To process sensory input
    • c) To temporarily hold information for immediate use
    • d) To permanently store life experiences
  • 3. What is the capacity of short-term memory according to Miller's theory?

    • a) 3-5 items
    • b) 5-9 items
    • c) 9-12 items
    • d) 12-15 items
  • 4. Which model suggests that memory has three stages: sensory memory- short-term memory- and long-term memory?

    • a) Working Memory Model
    • b) Levels of Processing Theory
    • c) Multi-Store Model of Memory
    • d) Semantic Memory Model
  • 5. Which of the following is an example of long-term memory?

    • a) Remembering your phone number
    • b) Recalling a friend's name after meeting them for the first time
    • c) Recognizing a familiar face in a crowd
    • d) Remembering your childhood memories
  • 6. According to the Atkinson-Shiffrin model- what is the first stage of memory processing?

    • a) Sensory memory
    • b) Short-term memory
    • c) Long-term memory
    • d) Working memory
  • 7. Which of the following is NOT part of the working memory model?

    • a) Phonological loop
    • b) Visuospatial sketchpad
    • c) Central executive
    • d) Long-term storage
  • 8. In the Levels of Processing Theory, which type of processing leads to the deepest encoding of information?

    • a) Shallow processing
    • b) Deep processing
    • c) Structural processing
    • d) Semantic processing
  • 9. What is the phenomenon of "chunking" in memory?

    • a) Breaking down information into smaller units to aid memory
    • b) Storing information in long-term memory
    • c) Using repetition to encode information
    • d) Memorizing in small bits over time
  • 10. What is the duration of short-term memory without rehearsal?

    • a) Approximately 15-30 seconds
    • b) Approximately 1-5 minutes
    • c) Approximately 60-90 seconds
    • d) Approximately 1-2 hours
  • 11. Which of the following best describes the process of rehearsal in short-term memory?

    • a) The process of encoding information into long-term memory
    • b) The process of repeating information to maintain it in short-term memory
    • c) The process of forgetting irrelevant information
    • d) The process of converting sensory input to perceptions
  • 12. What does the term "semantic memory" refer to?

    • a) Memory for personal experiences
    • b) Memory for facts and general knowledge
    • c) Memory for visual information
    • d) Memory for physical sensations
  • 13. Which of the following is a retrieval cue for long-term memory?

    • a) Seeing an object that reminds you of a past event
    • b) Repeating an item to yourself
    • c) Writing down notes
    • d) Speaking aloud to recall information
  • 14. What is the "serial position effect" in memory?

    • a) The tendency to recall the first and last items in a list more easily than the middle ones
    • b) The tendency to recall only items that were rehearsed
    • c) The tendency to forget items in the middle of a list
    • d) The tendency to recall memories from recent experiences
  • 15. In which part of the brain is long-term memory primarily stored?

    • a) Prefrontal cortex
    • b) Hippocampus
    • c) Amygdala
    • d) Cerebellum
  • 16. What is the process of transferring information from short-term to long-term memory called?

    • a) Consolidation
    • b) Encoding
    • c) Retrieval
    • d) Chunking
  • 17. Which of the following is true about implicit memory?

    • a) It requires conscious effort to recall
    • b) It involves factual information and personal experiences
    • c) It involves unconscious memory, such as skills and habits
    • d) It is part of short-term memory
  • 18. What does the term "episodic memory" refer to?

    • a) Memory for facts and knowledge
    • b) Memory for events and experiences
    • c) Memory for motor skills
    • d) Memory for sensory stimuli
  • 19. Which of the following is a limitation of the multi-store model of memory?

    • a) It doesn't account for working memory
    • b) It doesn't explain long-term memory storage
    • c) It only focuses on sensory memory
    • d) It is based on a limited number of studies
  • 20. What is the "primacy effect" in memory recall?

    • a) The tendency to remember the first items in a list better than others
    • b) The tendency to remember the last items in a list better than others
    • c) The tendency to forget the middle items in a list
    • d) The tendency to forget information after it is rehearsed
  • 21. What is the phenomenon known as "memory decay"?

    • a) The gradual loss of information over time
    • b) The process of encoding new information into long-term memory
    • c) The failure to retrieve information from long-term memory
    • d) The inability to remember sensory details
  • 22. What is the role of the hippocampus in memory?

    • a) It plays a key role in encoding and storing long-term memories
    • b) It is involved in visual and spatial memory
    • c) It stores working memory
    • d) It helps in retrieval of memories
  • 23. Which of the following is a characteristic of long-term memory?

    • a) It has a limited capacity
    • b) It has an unlimited capacity
    • c) It only stores visual information
    • d) It holds information temporarily
  • 24. What type of memory is primarily responsible for remembering your phone number?

    • a) Short-term memory
    • b) Long-term memory
    • c) Procedural memory
    • d) Sensory memory
  • 25. What is the function of the "visuospatial sketchpad" in the working memory model?

    • a) It processes auditory information
    • b) It helps store and manipulate visual and spatial information
    • c) It controls attention and focuses cognitive resources
    • d) It stores verbal information
  • 26. Which theory suggests that memory is a network of interconnected concepts?

    • a) Working Memory Model
    • b) Levels of Processing Theory
    • c) Semantic Network Theory
    • d) Multi-Store Model
  • 27. What is the effect of rehearsal on short-term memory?

    • a) It increases the duration and helps transfer information to long-term memory
    • b) It prevents information from entering short-term memory
    • c) It decreases the storage capacity of short-term memory
    • d) It improves retrieval from sensory memory
  • 28. What is the definition of "sensory memory"?

    • a) Memory for facts and events
    • b) The initial stage of memory where sensory input is stored briefly
    • c) Memory for procedural tasks
    • d) Memory that lasts for hours or days
  • 29. Which of the following is a characteristic of long-term memory?

    • a) It has a limited capacity
    • b) It has a temporary storage duration
    • c) It is permanent and can store vast amounts of information
    • d) It can only store sensory data
  • 30. In the Working Memory Model, what is the primary function of the central executive?

    • a) To rehearse verbal information
    • b) To store visual data
    • c) To control attention and coordinate other components
    • d) To process and store auditory input

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